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Karli-Eli
Karli-Eli (, ''Karleli''; (トルコ語:Karlıeli)), also Karli-Ili or Karlo-Ili,〔 was the Ottoman name for the region of Aetolia-Acarnania in western Greece, which formed a distinct administrative unit (''sanjak'' or ''liva'') from the late 15th century until the Greek War of Independence.
The name, meaning "Land of Charles", derived from the region's last important Christian rulers, Carlo I Tocco (r. 1386–1430), or his nephew and successor, Carlo II Tocco (r. 1430–1448).〔〔Carlo II, according to the rewiew by F. H. M. of ''Εἰς μνήμην Σπυρίδωνος Λάμπρου'', in ''The Journal of Hellenic Studies'', Vol. 55, Part 2 (1935), pp. 271-275, The Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies, (JSTOR )〕
== Ottoman conquest ==
In the early 15th century, Carlo I Tocco, the Count palatine of Cephalonia and Zakynthos, became the ruler of most of western continental Greece (Aetolia-Acarnania and Epirus) as well, but after his death in 1429/30, the Ottomans took over most of Epirus, leaving his nephew Carlo II Tocco to rule over a truncated realm as an Ottoman vassal. When he too died, his heir Leonardo III Tocco attempted to seek Venetian protection, whereupon the Ottomans began to occupy the remaining mainland territories, seizing Arta in 1449.
The Toccos held out in their southern capital, Angelokastron, until 1460. After the latter's fall, only Vonitsa remained in Tocco hands in the mainland, but pressure eased while the Ottomans were distracted by the Ottoman–Venetian War of 1463–1479. Immediately after its conclusion, an Ottoman fleet under Gedik Ahmed Pasha conquered the remnants of the Tocco principality, although Cephalonia and Zakynthos were lost again in 1481. The last Christian outpost on the mainland, Nafpaktos (Lepanto), a Venetian colony since 1407, was conquered by the Ottomans in 1499.〔〔
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